India has marked a significant milestone in its journey as a defense exporter by delivering the first Akash weapon system battery to Armenia. This move highlights India’s evolving role in global defense, showcasing the second major missile export after the successful BrahMos deal with the Philippines.
Overview of India’s Defence Export Milestones
Introduction to India’s Defence Export Journey
Over the past decade, India has transitioned from being a major arms importer to an active participant in the global defense export market. This shift aligns with the government’s “Make in India” initiative, aimed at fostering domestic manufacturing and reducing dependency on foreign arms.
Achievements with BrahMos: A Precedent
India’s successful export of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile set the stage for future international deals. The contract with the Philippines was a game-changer, cementing India’s reputation as a reliable arms supplier.
What is the Akash Weapon System?
Technical Specifications and Capabilities
The Akash system is a medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) designed to counter various aerial threats, including fighter jets, drones, and cruise missiles. With a range of 25 kilometers and the ability to engage targets up to an altitude of 18,000 meters, the Akash system is a formidable asset in modern warfare.
Key Features of the Akash SAM
Radar Integration: Equipped with the Rajendra 3D passive electronically scanned array radar.
Launch System: Each battery features four launchers, each carrying three missiles.
Mobility: Deployable on both wheeled and tracked platforms, enhancing operational flexibility.
Significance of the Akash Export to Armenia
Context and Background of Armenia’s Defence Needs
Armenia, historically reliant on Russian defense equipment, has been diversifying its military resources. This shift comes in light of regional tensions and the ongoing peace negotiations with Azerbaijan. The procurement of Akash systems marks Armenia’s move towards strengthening its air defense and securing strategic autonomy.
How Akash Strengthens Armenia’s Military Capability
With its advanced tracking and rapid deployment features, the Akash system bolsters Armenia’s ability to detect and neutralize aerial threats, thereby enhancing its defensive posture in the region.
Development and Manufacturing of the Akash System
The Role of DRDO and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) spearheaded the development of the Akash system, while Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) played a crucial role in its production. BEL supplied critical ground support equipment, including surveillance radars and C4I (Command, Control, Communication, Computer, and Intelligence) systems.
Domestic Sourcing and Self-reliance
Over 96% of the components in the Akash system are sourced domestically. This high level of indigenization supports India’s strategic objective of self-reliance and strengthens its defense industry.
The Strategic Implications for India
Strengthening India’s Position as a Defence Exporter
The export of the Akash system underscores India’s capability to produce high-quality defense technology that meets international standards. This achievement enhances India’s position as a reliable supplier in the global arms market and paves the way for future collaborations.
Diplomatic and Strategic Benefits
Beyond the economic advantage, defense exports like the Akash system foster stronger diplomatic ties. Such deals contribute to strategic alliances that can bolster India’s influence on the global stage.
Armenia’s Defence Procurement History
Overview of Past Reliance on Russian Equipment
From 2011 to 2020, approximately 94% of Armenia’s military imports came from Russia. However, recent geopolitical shifts and security needs have prompted Armenia to explore alternative sources for defense procurement.
Shifting Trends in Armenia’s Defence Strategy
The acquisition of the Akash system signifies Armenia’s effort to diversify its defense partnerships, reflecting a broader strategy to build resilience against future conflicts.
The 2022 Akash Deal with Armenia
Details of the Agreement and Financial Aspects
The deal between India and Armenia for 15 Akash systems, valued at around Rs 6,000 crore, underscores the growing trust in Indian defense manufacturing. This agreement marks the largest defense deal Armenia has signed with a nation other than Russia.
Initial Deliveries and Future Prospects
The first battery has already been delivered, with subsequent deliveries expected to follow in phases. The completion of this deal could lead to future contracts as other nations observe the system’s performance.
Technological Advancements in the Akash System
Enhanced Mobility and Deployment Versatility
The Akash system’s design allows it to be easily deployed on wheeled and tracked vehicles, making it suitable for rapid response and varied terrains. This mobility is a crucial feature for countries with complex geographical challenges.
Role of Supporting Equipment like Surveillance Radars
The system’s surveillance radars enhance early detection and target acquisition, providing a tactical advantage during operations.
Comparative Analysis: Akash vs. BrahMos
Capabilities and Use Cases
While both the Akash and BrahMos systems are critical to India’s defense portfolio, they serve different operational roles. Akash is optimized for medium-range air defense, whereas BrahMos excels in precision strike capabilities at longer ranges.
Market Demand and Potential Buyers
Countries such as Vietnam and Egypt have shown interest in the Akash system, while nations like Indonesia and Malaysia are potential buyers of the BrahMos missile.
Global Interest in Indian Defence Systems
Countries Showing Interest in Akash and BrahMos
India’s advancements in defense technology have attracted attention from various countries, including Vietnam, the Philippines, and Egypt. The credibility gained from successful exports like those to Armenia and the Philippines increases confidence among potential buyers.
The Growing Trend of Diversified Defence Sources
Nations seeking to diversify their defense suppliers to reduce dependency are increasingly considering India as a reliable partner.
Challenges and Future Outlook for Indian Defence Exports
Potential Obstacles in Expanding Defence Markets
While India’s defense exports are growing, challenges remain. Competition from established arms exporters and the need for continuous innovation are significant hurdles.
Projections for Future Exports and Technological Enhancements
India is expected to expand its portfolio of exportable defense products with further technological improvements. The success of systems like Akash and BrahMos sets a promising precedent for future contracts.
FAQs
1. What makes the Akash SAM different from other missile systems?
The Akash SAM stands out due to its radar integration, high mobility, and the ability to engage multiple targets at various altitudes.
2. Why is Armenia looking for alternatives to Russian defense equipment?
Armenia is diversifying its defense sources due to shifting geopolitical conditions and the need for advanced, reliable systems.
3. How does the Akash system support mobile defense operations?
The system’s compatibility with both wheeled and tracked vehicles makes it highly adaptable for rapid deployment across different terrains.
4. What countries are interested in India’s Akash and BrahMos exports?
Countries like Vietnam, Egypt, and the Philippines have expressed interest in the Akash system, while nations such as Indonesia are exploring BrahMos.
5. How did the BrahMos export to the Philippines impact India’s defense industry?
The BrahMos deal with the Philippines strengthened India’s global credibility as a defense exporter and paved the way for future export opportunities.
6. What role does Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) play in India’s defense exports?
BEL is instrumental in the manufacturing of critical systems for the Akash, including radars and ground support equipment, enabling successful exports.
